Anthromes, or anthropogenic biomes, characterize the globally signifcant ecological patterns shaped by sustained direct human interactions with ecosystems, including agriculture, urbanization, and other land uses. The emergence of anthromes has literally paved the way for the Anthropocene, and now cover more than three quarters of Earth’s ice-free land surface, including dense settlements, villages, croplands, rangelands, and cultured lands; wildlands untransformed by agriculture and settlements cover the remaining area.
The decline of ‘ecosystem services’ implies a trajectory of increasing dependence on human-engineered substitutes. Zed Nelson’s photobook The Anthropocene Illusion shows simulations of experience of nature, mirroring lost ecological functions.
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